SECURE MIDDLEWARE FOR EMBEDDED P2P SYSTEMS
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  Main Scenarios

The main objective of the SMEPP project is to develop a new secure and generic middleware, based on a new network centric abstract model for EP2P systems. Its suitability will be demonstrated by the development of two real-life applications in the domains of Environmental Monitoring in Industrial Plants and Mobile Telephony. Based on these application, we propose the following scenarios.

 Environmental Monitoring in Industrial Plants
Monitoring of the effects of industrial plants on the environment is a key issue in different application domains and particularly in the field of nuclear energy. The use of EP2P opens up new fields that allow monitoring in the case of small leaks during inspection or even in the case of accidents where no other equipment is available.

Scenario #1   High radiation rate alarm

Keywords

     Alarm Generation/Propagation/Reception
     Audio-conference

Actors

    Peter , 36 years old, Nuclear plant maintenance worker.
    Tony, 38 years old, Nuclear plant maintenance worker.
   
Douglas, 44 years old, Radiation protection technician.

Storyboard

A nuclear power plant is shutdown for refuelling. Many people are working in the plant performing maintenance tasks. Peter and Tony are working inside the containment building to perform a non-destructive test on the steam generator. While Peter is installing the inspection system, he moves too close to the steam generator and is exposed to radiation levels which are higher than those established in his work programme. His dosimeter alarm is activated. Automatically, his node sends an alarm message to the network, and the dosimeter starts flashing and buzzing but Peter can’t hear it due to the radiation protection suit he is wearing. However, the alarm message reaches the supervisor node, where Douglas detects the alarm and sets up an audio-conference with Peter to tell him to move away immediately from the heat exchanger. Peter hears the message through his Bluetooth earphone and moves away from the contaminated equipment. His radiation reading decreases and returns to acceptable levels. As his accumulated dose has not reached his limit, he can continue working.At the same time, Tony’s PDA receives an automatic notification and vibrates indicating that his colleague is exposed to a high level of contamination. Tony looks at Peter and realises that he is already moving away from the contaminated equipment. Tony speaks to Peter (without any technical aid) to check if he is alright. Peter says he is fine. They continue their work.

Analysis
To support this scenario, the following requirements are necessary:
    Peter and Tony EP2P devices localization.
    Audio-conference service between Peter an Douglas devices. 
    Supervisor alarm notification.
      Worker node alarm transmission. 
    Worker node alarm reception.

Scenario #2   Shift change

Keywords

    Identification.
    Disconnection.

Actors

     Anna, 32 years old, Radiation protection employee.
    
Tom,23 years old, Maintenance worker.
     Mark,30 years old, Maintenance worker.

Storyboard
During a stoppage for refuelling, at 8:00am a routine shift change occurs. Tom has been working for the last twelve hours and must have a rest. After changing his clothes and going through the portal detectors, he leaves the containment building and drops his dosimeter in the receptacle created for this purpose at the exit of the containment building. Anna takes the dosimeter and checks that Tom’s data has been updated. This data will be recorded in Tom’s official radiological documents stating the readings taken during his shift. Within a few seconds of not receiving information from Tom’s dosimeter, the supervisor node informs Anna that Tom’s dosimeter has left the network. Anna knows this is normal as Tom has finished his shift and acknowledges the message. At the same time, Mark starts his shift substituting Tom. Mark wears his own dosimeter. He types his PIN in the dosimeter dispenser and obtains his dosimeter. His fingerprint is authenticated against the PDA record in order for him to be able to start using the system. The PDA reads the RFID tag of the dosimeter in order to link the dosimeter to Mark. Before he gets into the containment building, other nodes in the network detect his worker node and the authentication protocol verifies his dosimeter is an authorised node. Once his node is authorised, the supervisor node informs Anna that a new dosimeter worker is in the network. The application informs Anna’s node that Mark’s dosimeter is linked to his PDA. When Mark reaches the entrance portal, he looks at the video surveillance camera and greets Anna in order to check the audio system. Anna asks Mark (through the earphone) to read out the reading from his dosimeter. Anna checks Mark’s identity. She reads Mark’s work permit and reminds him about his authorised levels and time permitted in the restricted area. Mark continues his work.
Analysis
To support this scenario, the following requirements are necessary: 
    Time-out alarm.
    Authentication.
    Alarm reception and acknowledgement.
    Still image transfer.
    Audio conference.
      Device authentication.
    User authentication. 

Scenario #3  Plant Incident

Keywords

    WSN Monitoring
      External Sensors
    External Connection

Actors

     Mary, 32 years old, Security plant manager inspector
     John, 40 years old, European Nuclear Energy Agency inspector
     Paul, 43 years old, Emergency Director.
     Mike, 58 years old, Supervisor of emergency team.

Storyboard
In a nuclear plant an incident, without risk of emission of contaminated material (scale 0 of International Nuclear Event Scale), occurs. Technical staff are working to bring the plant back to its normal operational state. Mary is working as RP manager in the Emergency Plan. She is checking the plant status and making sure the instructions from Paul (Emergency Director) corresponding to their team are being followed. Mary is continuously moving through the plant and constantly receiving information on her PDA. She has selected a screen with the readings of all the staff working in the incident area. Nevertheless, she knows they are also being monitored from the Control Room.Moreover, even though it is not necessary, Paul has decided to “wake up” the inactive sensors inside the plant and to double the frequency of their transmission. Mary can use her PDA to check a simplified map of the plant with the environment radiological readings. She verifies they are normal and have not changed significantly during the last week.Outside the plant, John is an inspector for the Nuclear Security Council (NSC) and works as resident inspector in the plant. His PDA has received notification of the incident and receives the general parameters of the plant related to its operation and radiology. These parameters are defined by the NSC regulations. He knows the plant is in pre-alert state and he knows it is not necessary to activate an alert outside the plant.At the same time, Mary is in audio contact with Mike, the supervisor of the team inside the containment building. Mike informs Mary that the problem has been solved and that they are leaving the containment building. At the same time, Paul declares the end of the state of emergency.
Analysis
To support this scenario, the following requirements are necessary:
    WSN Monitoring.
    External user authentication.
    Nodes localization.
    Node wake-up.
    Node configuration.
      Sensor map.
    Internet access.

Scenario #4  Supervisor node failure

Keywords

    Reliability.
    Authentication.

Actors

     Liz, 42 years old, Radiation protection worker.
     Nick, 39 years old, Radiation protection worker.

Storyboard
Liz is working as supervisor of radiation protection for a maintenance team which is working with continuous surveillance. She is monitoring the evolution of the work from her laptop at the entrance of the containment building.Suddenly, her computer crashes due to a hardware failure. Liz can still maintain connection using her PDA, and in this way she can monitor the radiological information coming from the team members.Liz cannot leave the room because she must collect workers’ dosimeters as they finish their work. She phones her workmate Nick and asks him to carry out the surveillance until the problem is solved. Nick is sitting at the Radiation Protection Control Room and tells her that the alarm indicating a failure in the supervisor node had already been received and they were already doing the monitoring. IT services have also already been requested to supply her with a replacement laptop. They assure her that no alarms have been missed between the computer crash and the connection from the control room.Meanwhile, Liz receives a new laptop with the software installed. Liz starts up the application and re-connects to the network. She checks that everything is working fine, makes contact again with Nick, checks audio and video communications are working fine and resumes the monitoring.
Analysis
To support this scenario, the following requirements are necessary:
    WSN Monitoring.
    Supervisor node failure..
    Several supervisor nodes.
    Storage of information in the network.
    Audio conference.

 Mobile Telephony

The features of new programmable mobile phones make them real execution platforms, supporting multitasking and real-time operating systems and ubiquitous connectivity. With particular problems such as high latency, reduced bandwidth, and dependency on batteries, mobile phones are an interesting field for developing new applications such as network games or mobile sensor applications.

Scenario #5  Alarm Generation

Keywords

  Alarm Generation/Propagation/Reception
  Videoconference

Actors

   John Smith, 68 years old, widower
   Peter, 43 years old, John’s son

Storyboard
John is on his living-room sofa at home but he doesn’t feel very well. Since he has the SeguiTel service, he knows that, in these cases, it is better to push his emergency button than to phone any of his sons or daughters, because the system (he doesn’t know how) automatically warns  the best person at each moment. The alarm goes out over the P2P network, looking for one of John’s relative’s whose device may be connected at that moment. If more than one device is connected, the warning will be sent to the nearest one. In this case is Peter, John's son, recives the warning on his mobile phone. The alert includes a living-room camera image. Peter can see his father on the living-room sofa and decides to set up a videoconference to ask him what the problem is. The residential gateway receives the request for a videoconference and switches on the TV set, then notifies the set-top-box and the videoconference is automatically established.
Analysis
Analysis To support this scenario, the following requirements are necessary: 
   John and his sons and daughters are registered in SeguiTel service like members of the same family (John’s family). All of them use different P2P devices with SMEPP middleware.
  The emergency button is within a P2P device or within other device able to connect to the residential gateway (e.g. via RF, Bluetooth…).
   P2P devices localization.
   Videoconference service between P2P devices.
   Home automation service to switch on automatically the TV set.


Scenario #6  Sharing

Keywords
   Contents sharing 
   Discussion forums, chats…
Actors
  Anna, 32 years old, pregnant
  Dr. Collins, Alzheimer specialist
Storyboard

Anna is pregnant and she has known that there is a discussion group in SeguiTel about pregnancy and maternity. She decides to subscribe to this group in order to obtain information from other mothers and to chat to women about their experiences as firs time mothers. Anna connects to the pregnancy and maternity group and is pleasantly surprised. The system shows her all the P2P devices connected at this moment and she can see that she has access to a lot of shared information. There are diets, nursing courses, pregnancy fitness videos, ultrasound galleries, post-natal abdominal exercises… She glances at some files and stores those wich are of mos interest to her in her residential gateway. For example, she is interested in a special low-glucose recipe, because the doctor advised her to be careful with glucose. She also decides to share some documents with her peers about government grants that she had obtained thanks to a friend who works in the Ministry.

 

In the evening, she connects her PDA to the residential gateway to watch the new recipe video. That way, she can follow the video in the kitchen while she is cooking.

 

On the other hand, Dr. Collins has just come back from an Alzheimer Congress where he has been for the last week. From the Congress, he has obtained a lot of interesting documents and new exercises for his patients. He connects his laptop to the P2P network and decides to share this new information with other SeguiTel users: the technical documents are shared with other doctors and the exercises are shared with doctors and also some of his patients. He also usees his time on the P2P network to chat to some colleagues about the Congress and to exchange opinions
Analysis

To support this scenario, the following requirements are necessary:

  Different groups in SeguiTel according to different profiles.

  Content sharing service: document, audio, videos…

  Security in files transfers.

  Discussion forums.

  Chats.



Scenario #7   Agenda

Keywords

Agenda

Workflow (collaborative work)

Actors

Sara Johns, middle aged woman

Mrs. Henderson, Sara’s nurse

Dr. Brown, Sara’s GP

Dr. House, Sara’s specialist

Storyboard

Sara, a middle aged woman with high blood pressure problems has recorded a series of appointments and reminders in her agenda.

 

The system reminds her that she has to measure her blood pressure every day, but the alarm is not set to ring until she arrives home in the evening, so she normally receives the notification on her TV. Apart from that, every 8 hours, the system warns her to take her medication. She must receive the alert no matter where she is, because she must not forget to take the medication. Therefore, she receives the reminder on her mobile phoe if she is out of her house,on the PC if she is working or on the TV if she is at home. The system can detect that Sara has more than one device active. Depending on how the alert is configured, the system will send reminders to one or several devices. Finally, the system warns her about her next appointment with the specialist. In the same way as with the medication, depending on where she is, she will receive the reminder on wichever device is online that precise moment.

 

The blood pressure measurements are stored in a file wich is sent weekly to Mrs. Henderson, Sara's nurse, for analysis. Mrs. Henderson notes down the comments that she considers important and contacts Sara if theres is something she needs to comment on. Once a month, this file is sent to Sara’s GP for a routine analysis. Dr. Brown notes down his comments and advises Sra accordingly on the appropiate treatment. Finally, the specialist, Dr. House, receives the file before Sara's visit, in order to be fully informed and updated on her medical story.

Analysis

To support this scenario, the following requirements are necessary:

User is registered in SeguiTel service as a patient.

Different P2P devices with SMEPP middleware.

P2P devices localization.

Different groups in SeguiTel according to different profiles.

Content sharing service: document.

Security in files transfers.



Scenario #8   Browsing the eP2P network

Keywords

Browser

P2P network

Peers, nodes

Groups

Services

Actors

John Smith, 68 years old, widower

Peter, 43 years old, John’s son

Henry, SeguiTel’s administrator

Storyboard

John is trying to chatting to his son Peter, but he is not able to use the services of the P2P network from his access devices (neither his smart phone nor his PDA). He phones Henry, the system administrator to sort out about the problem. Henry tells him not to worry and that he will solve the problem as quickly as possible. Henry then connects, through his browser utility, to the P2P network. He authenticates himself as administrator and performs a search  looking for peers whose ID matches that of John’s PDA. After a while, he verifies that the search has no results in spite of the fact that John had told him his PDA was on.

 

Henry then proceeds to open the groups oriented navigation panel of the browser. He notices that the browser is connected to the “psychologists” group, as this was the last one John browsed. On the screen peers belonging to this group who are active at that moment begin to appear. Each peer is represented as a node with the name of their corresponding doctor written underneath.

 

Henry decides to zoom out one level leaving the “psychologists” group and the peers connected at that moment to the “doctors” group begin to appear on the screen (as they are being discovered). This group contains all the peers included in the “psychologists” group plus the peers belonging to different subgroups (doctors in different specialities and in general medicine). Henry zooms out one more level and connects to the “assistants” group. So, the rest of SeguiTel personnel such as nurses, social workers, carers, etc. are displayed on the screen. Henry zooms out again and is connected to the general group “SeguiTel” and once again additional peers appear.

 

On the right hand side of the screen, there is always a list available of the subgroups belonging to the actual group. At this point, the list contains all the groups that are “children” of the “SeguiTel” group, so Henry can see the groups “assistants”, “telecared”, “families” and others. He clicks on the group “families” and then the “John Smith’s family” subgroup. A few seconds later, Peter's residential gateway and his laptop peer are discovered and represented on the screen, but there are no traces of devices belonging to John.

 

Henry clicks on the icon representing Peter's residential gateway and a menu is displayed with the available options. This menu shows the services offered by the residential gateway peer to the whole group and some additional options such as “Node Navigation mode”. Henry selects this option and the panel with peers is updated to show the nodes with wich the residential gateway has a direct connection.

 

The gateway is displayed in the centre of the screen and arrows show the connection with other nodes. Between them Henry can see Peter's laptop, some residential gateways and the Seguitel System Server. But there are no traces yet from any of John’s devices or his residential gateway (which should supply connectivity to peers in John’s local area network).

 

Henry knows John and Peter both live in the same building, so he decides to establish a video conference with Peter to ask for help with the problem. In order to so, Henry clicks on Peter’s laptop icon and selects the “video conference” service. The browser application searches and finds an installed plug-in to use and run this kind of service. The video conference is established through the P2P network and Henry asks Peter to go to his father’s home to check if the ADSL wire of the residential gateway is correctly connected. Indeed, this was the cause of the problem, so Peter correctly connects the wire, and few minutes later John's residential gateway appears on the screen of the browser (attached to Peter's residential gateway, as the node navigation mode is still activated).

 

Now, Henry selects the new residential gateway and the screen is updated to show the peers with which the residential gateway has connection. Finally, John’s PDA appears connected to the residential gateway and Henry clicks on it to use the notification sending service. The appropriate plug-in is loaded and Henry sends John a message acknowledging that the problem has been resolved.
Analysis

To support this scenario, the following requirements are necessary:

Middleware for discover and communicate with nodes.

Peer groups and subgroups support.

Facilities for groups exploration.

Facilities for P2P network exploration.

Administrator access for groups.

Browser application for network management.

Plug-in support for accessing services.